In this tutorial you will learn about the PHP Strings and its application with practical example.
PHP Strings variable represents sequences of characters, like “Hello World”. String variable can be any length.PHP String can include escape sequence and are replaced with corresponding character.
PHP Escape Sequence
- \n is replaced by the newline character
- \r is replaced by the carriage-return character
- \t is replaced by the tab character
- \$ is replaced by the dollar sign itself ($)
- \” is replaced by a single double-quote (“)
- \\ is replaced by a single backslash (\)
Examples of string:
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$string1 = "This is a string in double quotes"; $string2 = "This is a singly quoted string"; $string0 = ""; // a string with zero characters |
Singly quoted strings are treated and will display things almost completely “as is.” Variables and most escape sequences will not be interpreted whereas doubly quoted strings are interpreted before output.
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<?php $name= "John"; echo $str1= 'My name is $name'; //Outputs : My name is $name; echo $str2= "My name is $name"; //Outputs : 'My name is John; ?> |
The String Concatenation Operator in PHP
The concatenation operator (.) is used to bind two string values together.
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?php $txt1="Hello "; $txt2="World"; echo $txt1 . " " . $txt2;//Outputs : Hello World ?> |
The strlen() function
The strlen() function is used to find the length of a string.
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<?php echo strlen("Hello world");//Outputs: 11 ?> |
Triming String in PHP
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| trim() | Removes whitespace at beginning and end of a string. |
| ltrim() | Removes whitespace at the beginning of a string. |
| rtrim() | Removes whitespace at the end of a string. |
Presenting String in PHP
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| htmlentities() | Escapes all HTML entities. |
| nl2br() | Inserts a <br /> tag before each newline character in a string. |
| strtoupper() | Converts a string to uppercase. |
| strtolower() | Converts a string to lowercase. |
| ucfirst() | Converts the first character of a string to uppercase. |
| ucwords() | Converts the first character of each word in a string to uppercase. |
String Array Conversion
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| explode() | Splits a string into an array on a specified character or group of characters. |
| implode() | Converts an array into a string, placing a specified character or group of characters between each array element. |
| join() | Same as implode(). |
Substring – substr() function in PHP
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| substr(str,pos) | Returns the substring from the character in position pos to the end of the string. |
| substr(str,-len) | Returns the substring from len characters from the end of the string to the end of the string. |
| substr(str,pos,len) | Returns a len length substring beginning with the character in position pos. |
| substr(str,pos,-len) | Returns a substring beginning with the character in position pos and chopping off the last len characters of the string. |
| strstr(haystack,needle,before_needle) | If the third argument (before_needle) is false (default), then it returns the part of the haystack from the needle on.
If the third argument (before_needle) is true, then it returns the part of the haystack before the needle. The needle can be a string or an integer (or a number that can be converted to an integer). |
| stristr(haystack,needle,before_needle) | Same as strstr(), but case insensitive. |
| strpos(haystack,needle) | Finds the position of the first occurrence of a specified needle in a haystack (string).
The needle can be a string or an integer (or a number that can be converted to an integer). |
| strrpos(haystack,needle) | Finds the position of the last occurrence of a specified needle in a haystack (string).
The needle can be a string or an integer (or a number that can be converted to an integer). |
| str_replace() | Replaces all occurrences of one string with another string. |
String Comparison – strcmp() function in PHP
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| strcmp() | Compares two strings. Returns < 0 if str1 is less than str2, > 0 if str1 is greater than str2, and 0 if they are equal. |
| strcasecmp() | Like strcmp() but case insensitive. |
