In this tutorial you will learn about the Swift Data Types and its application with practical example.
Swift Data Types
Variables are used to represent reserved memory locations that is used to store values, when we create a variable we are a suppose to allocate some memory space for that variable. Swift is a statically typed programming language. This means that variables always have a specific type and that type cannot change. Every variable have data type associated to it, data type for a variable defines –
- The amount of memory space allocated for variables.
- A data type specifies the possible values for variables.
- The operations that can be performed on variables.
Swift has following built-in data types –
- Numbers
- Boolean
- Characters
- String
- Optional
Swift Numbers:- The Number data type is used to hold the numeric values. Swift supports following numerical data types –
Integer:- Integers are used to store whole numbers. Swift supports several integer types, varying internal sizes for storing signed and unsigned integers.
| Type | Size | Description | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| int8 | 8 bits | 8 bit Signed Integer (two’s complement) | -128 to 127 |
| int16 | 16 bits | 16 bit Signed Integer (two’s complement) | -215 to 215 -1 |
| int32 | 32 bits | 32 bit Signed Integer (two’s complement) | -231 to 231 -1 |
| int64 | 64 bits | 64 bit Signed Integer (two’s complement). They can also be represented in octal and hexadecimal | -263 to 263 -1 |
| Type | Size | Description | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| uint8 | 8 bits | 8 bit Unsigned Integer | 0 to 127 |
| uint16 | 16 bits | 16 bit Unsigned Integer | 0 to 216 -1 |
| uint32 | 32 bits | 32 bit Unsigned Integer | 0 to 232 -1 |
| uint64 | 64 bits | 64 bit Unsigned Integer | 0 to 264 -1 |
Swift Float:- A Float type is used to store numbers that contain a decimal component (real numbers). In Swift, float is used to represent a 32-bit floating-point number and numbers with smaller decimal points. An uninitialized float has default value of 0.0.
Example:-
|
1 2 |
let marks:Float = 80.755 print(marks) |
Swift Double:- In Swift, double is used to represent a 64-bit floating-point number and numbers with larger decimal points. An uninitialized double has default value of 0.0.
Example:-
|
1 2 |
let marks:Double = 80.7553232323232 print(marks) |
Swift Bool:- The Boolean data type is used to represent the truth values, which can be either True or False. Boolean are commonly used in decision making statements.
Example:-
|
1 2 |
let flag:Bool = true print(flag) |
Output:-
|
1 |
true |
Swift Characters:- The character data type is used to hold the single literal. Character are declared using double quotes. It can also include emoji or languages character other than English using escape sequence \u{n} (unicode code point ,n is in hexadecimal)
Example:-
|
1 2 |
let chr:Character = "K" print(chr) |
Swift String:- A string variable is used to hold series or sequence of characters – letters, numbers, and special characters. Strings are immutable. Strings can either be declared using double quotes “Hello World”.
Example:-
|
1 2 |
let mystring = "Hello, World!" print(mystring) |
Output:-
|
1 |
Hello, World! |
